Thirdelemeherpliaheproductcharacteristidatory
ThePahatSe907(a)(1)(A)isa“teicalregulation”withinthemeaningofAnnex1。1oftheTBTAgreement。ThePanelwillnowturntoexamineIndonesia'sderArticles2。1,2。2,2。5,2。8,2。9,2。10,2。12,and12。3oftheTBTAgreement。
SAIONS
Asdesgreaterdetailabove,thePahat:
&ion907(a)(1)(A)isa“teicalregulation”withinthemeaningofAnnex1。1oftheTBTAgreement;
&ion907(a)(1)(A)isihArticle2。1oftheTBTAgreemeaportedclovecigarettestreatmentlessfavourablethanthatitaentholcigarettesofnatiin;
byfailiethatthebaesimposedbySe907(a)(1)(A)ismoretrade-restriofulfilthelegitimateobjectiveyouthsmoking,takingatoftherisksnowoulddonesiahasfailedtodemoSe907(a)(1)(A)isihArticle2。2oftheTBTAgreement;
byfailiheUestoexplaiififorSe907(a)(1)(A)“intermsofArticles2。2to2。4oftheTBTAgreement”throughitsquestionsiW323,IndonesiahasfailedtodemoheUesasistentlywithArticle2。5oftheTBTAgreement;
byfailiethatitwouldbe“appropriate”toformulatetheteicalregulatioion907(a)(1)(A)intermsof“performanesiahasfailedtodemoSe907(a)(1)(A)isihArticle2。8oftheTBTAgreement;
byfailingtonotifytoWThtheSecretariattheproductstobecoveredbytheproposedSe907(a)(1)(A),togetherwithabriefindiofitsobjedratioanearlyappre,i。e。,whesaswerestillpossible,theUeshasasistentlywithArticle2。9。2oftheTBTAgreement;
byfailiethatithadrequestedtheUestoprovideparticularsorcopiesofSe907(a)(1)(A)whileitwasstillindraftform,IndonesiahasfailedtodemoheUesasistentlywithArticle2。9。3oftheTBTAgreement;
bynotallowinganintervalofhansixmohepublidtheentryiion907(a)(1)(A),theUeshasasistentlywithArticle2。12oftheTBTAgreement;
byfailiethattheUesdidofthespecialdevelopment,finandtradeneedsofIhepreparationandappliofSe907(a)(1)(A),IndonesiahasfailedtodemoheUesasistentlywithArticle12。3oftheTBTAgreement。
IntheabsenyevideneenceentproblemsofhealththataroseorthreateoarisefortheUesatthetimeofadoptiion907(a)(1)(A),thePaoruleonIndonesia'sderArticle2。10oftheTBTAgreement。
HavioruleonIndonesia'salternativederArticleⅢ:4oftheGATT1994,thePaherdeestoruleoion907(a)(1)(A)isjustifieduicleⅩⅩ(b)oftheGATT1994。
&icle3。8oftheDSU,ihereisaheobligationsassumedunderacreemeionissideredprimafastituteaullifiesuagreement。Agly,wecludethattheUeshasnullifiedorimpairedbesagtoIndoAgreemehattheUeshasasistentlywithArticles2。1,2。9。2and2。12oftheTBTAgreement。
PursuanttoArticle19。1oftheDSU,havingfoundthattheUeshasasistentlywithitsobligatioicles2。1,2。9。2and2。12oftheTBTAgreemehattheDisputeSettlemeheUestSe907(a)(1)(A)intoitywithitsobligatioAgreement。
&ions:
1。WhyisSe907(a)(1)(A)oftheFederalFa(“FFDsistentwithitsobligatioicles2。1,2。9。2and2。12oftheTBTAgreement?
2。HowdoesthePahatSe907(a)(1)(A)stitutesa“teicalregulation”withinthemeaningofAnnex1。1oftheTBTAgreement?
【复习思考题】
1。WTO最惠国待遇原则的适用有哪些例外?
2。WTO国民待遇原则的适用有哪些例外?
3。最惠国待遇原则与国民待遇原则在适用中的区别。
[1]Theautheerroneouslyreads“sub-paragraph”。
[2]Article1(d)oftheWHOFrameworkonTobatrol(seeSebelow)defiobaean“arangeofsupply,demandaiiesthataimtoimprovethehealthofapopulatioiheirptionoftobaccoprodudexposuretotobaoke”。
[3]IoPaionieshaveclarifiedthatthemeasureatissueisproperlyreferredtoas“Se907(a)(1)(A)oftheFederalF,a(asameheFamilySmokiionandTobatrolAct)”or,asshorthaion907(a)(1)(A)oftheFFDCA”。Italsobereferredtoas“21U。S。C。§387g(a)(1)(A)”(whichisse387g(a)(1)(A)oftitle21oftheU。S。Code)。
[4]I,IndoedderArticleⅩⅩoftheGATT1994andArticles2,3,5and7oftheSPSAgreement。However,ioPaionNos。1and20,IndonesiaclarifiedthatitwasnotgaviolationofArticleⅩⅩoftheGATT1994andthatthemeasureatissueisnotanSPSmeasureandisthusheSPSAgreement。
[6]Ues’firstwrittensubmission,para。344。
[7]DohaMinisterialDeof14November2001,WTMIN(01)DEC1,para。6。
[8]AppellateBodyReport,EC-Asbestos,para。172。
[9]AppellateBodyReport,Brazil-RetreadedTyres,para。144(footed)。
[10]Article12。3oftheTBTAgreemeonlyto“teicalregulations”,butalsoto“standardsandityassessmentprocedures”。However,Indoallegethatthemeasureatissueinthisdisputeiseithera“standard”ora“ityassessmentprocedure”。
[11]AppellateBodyReport,EC-Asbestos,paras。59-77;AppellateBodyReport,Ees,paras。171-195。SeealsoPa,EC-TrademarksandGeographidis(Australia),paras。7。4267。459;Pa,EC-TrademarksandGeographidis(US),paras。492-515。
[12]AppellateBodyReport,Ees,para。176(emphasisinal,footed),gAppellateBodyReport,EC-Asbestos,paras。66-70。