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二通背拳技法特点（第1页）

二、通背拳技法特点

TeiqueCharacteristicsofBack-throughQuan

通背拳是通过模仿猿的舒肢展臂、鹰的振翅翱翔、猫的扑鼠之灵等动作特点来造拳取势的，故形成其冷弹柔进、放长击远等技法特点。

Back-throughQuanispradformedbyimitatisofape'sextendingarms，eagle&#sandcat'sagilewayofgrats，ieiquecharacteristicsofsuddeon-goingandalongdistarike。

（一）前空后丰，拧腰合胯Emptyfredbackwithrotatingwaistandtighteninghip

前空后丰、拧腰合胯是通背拳对形体姿态的基本要求，意在蓄而后发。前空也称含胸或虚胸，要求胸廓略向内含蓄、收腹，形成空畅的形态。后丰也称拔背或探背，要求背部肌肉向下松沉、立腰、敛臀，使背部呈圆而丰满的形态。拧腰是指以腰为轴的左右旋转。合胯合膝是取其进退之迅速，脚趾抓地是取其生根之意。拧腰切胯才能做到力从足跟起，劲从腰背发，以力通于背，顺于肩，达于指。

&yfredbackwithrotatingwaistandtighteninghipisabasicrequirementforbodyposturewhilepragBack-throughQuan，ectfupstrengthtostartout。Emptyfrontisalsokeoremptychest，itisrequiredthatbosomshrunkinwardaockstight，faure。Solidbackisalsoknhteningback。Thebackmusclesmustberelaxedadoaiststraightenedandhiptightened，makiyourbackisfullandrwaististoturhtbypivotingyourwaist。Tighteninghipandkomoveforwardandbackwardswiftly，andtrouakerwaistandtighteninghips，thestrengtheratedfromheel;peedfromwaistandback，sthandphbadshoulderreachestofingers。

（二）甩膀抖腕，放长击远Swingingarmandshakingwrist，fdistarike

甩膀抖腕、放长击远是通背拳上肢屈伸和劲力蓄发及攻防兼备的基本技法。通背拳以劈、拍、摔、穿、攒为基本掌法，其他招势变化皆由此五掌生化而来，强调练时有定规，用时无定法，伸缩往来，快速多变。在运动中，要求肩、臂各关节尽量放松并前伸，通肩达臂，力贯梢节。两臂运使犹如皮鞭，立抡成圆，大开密合。腕要舒之如绵，柔活灵便。指腕肘舒，手臂的伸缩、收放才能势随人愿。肩舒则臂长，方可击远，从而达到一寸长一寸强、放长击远的效果。

Itisthebasiiqueoflimbflexion，powerreservesandexplosivewithbothattaddefensecapabilitieswhilepragBack-throughQuan。Thebasisofpalmintheboxingarechop，slap，wrestle，peeahergesareallderivedfromthosefiveftheregulatingmoveswhilepragwithoutfixed-moveswhilefightingsothatthemotiochedoutanddrawnbackwithspeedaies。Duringpractice，shoulderandarmjointsshouldberelaxedachedforward;theforcewillpassthrougharmandshtwlikeawhipwithacircle，attatlyanddefensesolidly。Wristisrelaxedlikeapieceof，softandagile。Fisandelbowsareallatafortableposition;sothatthearmstretdretrabethestatusthatwewantittobe。Onceshoulderisrelaxed，armreadstrikealoaheeffeeingeroronger”andhittingfromaloance。

（三）直出直入，冷弹柔进Straightoutandstraightiadsofton-going

直出直入是通背拳对手法的要求。无论是劈、拍、摔、穿、攒，每一掌都要求手从胸中发，上下相随，三尖（手、足、鼻）相照。出手要直，回手要快，走直线、重实用。冷弹柔进则是对运劲之要求。通背拳在劲力上讲究冷、弹、脆、快。冷似手中脱鱼，弹似伸缩弹簧，脆似斧断干柴，快如流星闪电。出手为柔，力到为刚。

StraightoutandstraightiforhandmotioigBabsBoxiischop，slap，wrestle，peeorassemble，habosom，followswiththetopsideandbottomside，takihreetips（hand，footarikingoutwitharmsstraight，aarmsswiftly，useastraightlineandbasithepractidefledsofton-goingistherequirementfstrength，itshouldbesuddeic，dfast。Suddenisjustlikeesgafishfromhaiclikeasprigback，crispislikeaingdriedfirewood，fastislikelightniartteurrongwhilereagadversary。

（四）闪展灵活、步内含腿Dodgeflexibly，everystepmixedupwithlegkicks

通背拳对步法的要求是进退要敏捷、闪展要灵活、步随身移、干净利落。要使步法起动快、运行巧，就必须做到膝关节多处于微屈状态，以身带步，上下相随。而腿法的运用又多与步法相结合，步内含腿，腿随步发，腿落还是步。

Back-throughQuanhasastrictrequirementonfootworkwhichistoadvanimbly。Inflexibledodge，stepmoveswithbody。Tostartquidskillfully，youhavetobendyourkhbalongstep，whichfollowswiththetopsideandbottomside。Theappliofbasickicksmustbeatedwithfootwork，everystepmixedupwithlegkigafterthestep，thendothekigagain。

（五）擦挂击响，轻脆连贯Sandtapping

擦挂击响、轻脆连贯是通背拳独有的技法特点，也是自我操练的一种形式。在运动过程中，手与臂、腿、肩、背等部位相交错时，要求蹭拍发出清脆的声响，提高演练气氛，并体现出通背拳沾衣发劲的特点，动作要求劲力顺畅、连贯，击点准确。经常进行蹭击身体各部位的练习，有助于提高人体的抗击打能力。

GivingoutaseriesdtsouigBack-throughQuanisitsueique，whichisalsoagoodway。Duringpractice，assingthrs，shouldersandback，itisrequiredtorubandpattogiveoutacrispysound，rovetheexerciseatmosphere，atthesametimetoreflectthefeaturestreougclothes。Thewholeseriesofmotioh，tandaccurate。Thepracticeandhittingvariouspartsofthebodyhelpimprovethebody&#ability。